How is classification of individuals based on physical or biological characteristics defined?

The classification of individuals based on physical or biological characteristics is defined as race. This term refers specifically to the categorization of people primarily based on features such as skin color, facial features, hair texture, and other physical traits that are associated with inherited biological characteristics.

While ethnicity relates to cultural identity, language, nationality, and shared historical experiences, and socioeconomic status refers to an individual's or group's social and economic position, race is more narrowly focused on biological traits. Culture encompasses the beliefs, norms, and values shared by a group, further emphasizing that while these elements can intersect with race, they do not define it. Thus, race is the most accurate term for describing the classification based on physical or biological characteristics.