What condition is characterized by hardening and/or narrowing of the walls of arteries?

The condition characterized by hardening and/or narrowing of the walls of arteries is arteriosclerosis. This process involves a thickening and stiffening of arterial walls, which can lead to reduced blood flow and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Over time, the flexibility of the arteries decreases, making it more difficult for them to expand and contract as needed to accommodate blood flow. This can elevate blood pressure and strain the heart.

Arteriosclerosis is often associated with aging and can be influenced by various risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and lifestyle choices like smoking and physical inactivity. It is crucial to recognize this condition as a significant contributor to heart disease, strokes, and other serious cardiovascular events.

Other conditions listed, like aneurysm, involve bulging or ballooning of the arterial wall; atherosclerosis involves the buildup of plaque within the arteries, leading to narrowing but in a more specific manner; and endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart that does not relate to the hardening or narrowing of arteries.