What does the term "libel" specifically refer to in a legal context?

In a legal context, "libel" specifically refers to written defamation. This occurs when false statements are published in a form that is tangible, such as in print, online articles, or books, and these false statements harm an individual's reputation. For a statement to be considered libelous, it must meet certain criteria: it must be untrue, damaging, and communicated to at least one other person besides the person defamed.

Understanding the distinction between libel and other forms of defamation is crucial. For instance, verbal defamation is categorized as "slander," which refers to spoken false statements that harm someone's reputation, while libel deals with written words. Terms like assault and fraud pertain to different legal issues entirely and do not relate to the defamation of character. Therefore, the designation of libel as written defamation is essential for differentiating it from other forms of defamation and legal violations.