What does vasodilation refer to?

Vasodilation refers specifically to the increase in the diameter of blood vessels, particularly the small arteries and arterioles. This physiological process occurs when the smooth muscle in the vessel walls relaxes, leading to a widening of the vessels. As a result, blood flow can increase to various tissues and organs, which is crucial during times of physical activity, heat exposure, or when the body needs more oxygen and nutrients. By facilitating greater blood flow, vasodilation plays a vital role in regulating blood pressure and body temperature, as well as in the healing processes of tissues.