What is the term for an alloy of metals and mercury used primarily for dental restorations?

The term for an alloy of metals and mercury used primarily for dental restorations is amalgam. This material is favored in dentistry due to its ability to withstand the significant forces of chewing and its durability over time. Amalgam is created by mixing mercury with metals such as silver, tin, and copper, which results in a mixture that can be easily molded to fill cavities in teeth. Its unique properties, such as good corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, make it an effective choice for long-lasting dental work.

Composite materials, which are another option in dental restorations, typically consist of a resin base combined with fillers to achieve various aesthetic effects, but they do not include mercury. Resin is primarily used in bonding and aesthetic applications rather than for filling cavities in the same way metals do. Ceramics are often used for dental crowns and bridges but do not contain mercury or metal alloys. Thus, amalgam stands out as the specific answer due to its distinctive composition and use in dental procedures.