What is the term for the serous membrane that covers the lungs?

The term for the serous membrane that covers the lungs is "pleura." The pleura consists of two layers: the visceral pleura, which directly covers the lungs, and the parietal pleura, which lines the inner chest wall and diaphragm. This structure is essential for facilitating smooth movement of the lungs during respiration, as it reduces friction and allows for expansion and contraction within the thoracic cavity.

The pericardium, while also a serous membrane, specifically encases the heart, serving a different function related to cardiac protection and lubrication. The endocardium is the inner lining of the heart itself, and it does not pertain to lung coverage. The peritoneum refers to the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers abdominal organs, which is unrelated to the lungs.