What kind of surgical instrument is a scalpel classified as?

A scalpel is classified as a cutting instrument because it is specifically designed to make incisions in tissues during surgical procedures. Its sharp blade allows for precision in cutting, enabling surgeons to perform delicate operations with control and accuracy. This characteristic is fundamental to the scalpel's role in surgery, making it essential for tasks such as making incisions, excising tissues, or dissecting structures within the body.

The other classifications do not apply to the scalpel. Holding instruments are used to grasp or manipulate tissues, measuring instruments and devices are utilized for quantifying dimensions or volumes, which do not align with the primary function of a scalpel. Therefore, its classification as a cutting instrument accurately reflects its purpose and use in medical practice.