What psychological defense mechanism involves denying the existence of a distressing reality?

The psychological defense mechanism that involves denying the existence of a distressing reality is denial. This defense mechanism allows individuals to refuse to accept that a situation is happening or that they are experiencing certain thoughts or feelings. By engaging in denial, a person protects themselves from experiencing the anxiety or discomfort that comes with confronting an unpleasant truth.

For example, an individual diagnosed with a severe illness might refuse to acknowledge the reality of their condition, convincing themselves that they are healthy. This mechanism can provide a temporary reprieve from psychological pain, although it may hinder the ability to cope with the reality in the long run. Understanding denial is crucial in both psychological settings and everyday interactions, as it sheds light on how people cope with overwhelming emotions or situations.