What structure in the male anatomy contains the testes and epididymis?

The scrotum is the structure in male anatomy that houses the testes and epididymis. This pouch of skin is located behind the penis and serves a crucial function in maintaining an optimal temperature for sperm production and storage. The testes, which produce sperm and hormones like testosterone, are situated in the scrotum because they need to be kept slightly cooler than the body's normal temperature for effective spermatogenesis. The epididymis, which is a coiled tube attached to the rear of each testis, is where sperm mature and are stored.

The other structures listed serve different functions; the penis is primarily involved in sexual intercourse and urination, the vas deferens is the duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct, and the prostate gland contributes to the production of seminal fluid but does not house the testes or epididymis. Thus, the scrotum is specifically adapted to protect and regulate the environment for the testes and epididymis, making it the correct answer.