Which condition indicates the presence of ketones in the urine?

The presence of ketones in the urine is specifically referred to as ketonuria. This condition occurs when the body breaks down fats for energy instead of carbohydrates, leading to the production of ketones, which are then excreted in urine. Ketonuria can occur in various circumstances, such as prolonged fasting, carbohydrate-restricted diets, or uncontrolled diabetes, but the term itself is specifically tied to the detection of ketones in urine.

Ketosis, while related, describes a metabolic state where the body produces ketones but does not specifically refer to their presence in urine. Dehydration and diabetes can lead to conditions where ketone levels might rise, but they do not directly define the presence of ketones in the urine. Understanding these distinctions highlights why the term ketonuria is the most accurate answer to indicate the presence of ketones specifically in urine.