Which instrument is used to test hearing and determine hearing defects?

An audiometer is the instrument specifically designed for testing hearing and identifying hearing defects. It evaluates an individual's ability to hear sounds at various frequencies and intensities. By conducting a series of tests that often include pure-tone audiometry or speech audiometry, the audiometer helps healthcare professionals assess the degree and type of hearing loss. This data is essential for diagnosing hearing disorders and determining appropriate interventions, such as hearing aids or further medical evaluation.

In contrast, an otoscope is used primarily to examine the ear canal and eardrum, while a stethoscope is employed for listening to internal body sounds, such as heartbeats or lung sounds. An electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart and is unrelated to hearing assessment. Thus, the audiometer stands out as the correct tool for hearing evaluations.