Which of the following is not part of the alimentary canal?

The liver is not considered part of the alimentary canal. The alimentary canal, also known as the gastrointestinal tract, refers to the continuous tube that runs from the mouth to the anus, through which food passes, is digested, and eventually eliminated. This canal includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, and anus.

In contrast, the liver is an accessory organ in the digestive system. It plays a crucial role in processing nutrients absorbed from the small intestine, producing bile to help digest fat, and detoxifying harmful substances. However, it does not form a part of the actual passageway through which food travels. Understanding the distinction between the alimentary canal and accessory organs is essential in studying human anatomy and the digestive system's functions.