Which term describes a false statement that can cause ridicule or damage to one’s reputation?

The term that describes a false statement that can cause ridicule or damage to one’s reputation is defamation. This legal concept encompasses both slander and libel, referring to any communicative act that harms someone's reputation by spreading false information. Defamation can occur in various forms, including spoken statements (slander) or written statements (libel), but at its core, it involves the damaging nature of falsehoods that tarnish an individual's reputation.

Understanding defamation is crucial, especially in fields where public perceptions are essential, such as healthcare, where a professional’s reputation can significantly impact their career and the trust of their patients.